Rural land centralization and agricultural production professionalization are the basic condition for industrial and commercial capital to go to agriculture for profit, thus, capital going to countryside must bring the change of economy, society and management structure. The economic structure change is mainly embodied in the change of land business right, the change of production method and the change of labor employment system, however, society structure change is mainly embodied in the change from small agricultural household to big capital, the management structure change is mainly embodied in the management of society on labor flowing, the management of government on land transfer and the management of agricultural enterprises on professional peasants. Currently, in the process of agricultural production system transition led by capital going to countryside, there are still problems such as insufficient guarantee for peasants’ interests, inadequate emphasis on environment pollution and so on. Reasonable profit distribution mechanism between the peasants and agricultural enterprises should be set up and perfected, the reasonable rights and interests of the peasants in land transfer should be sufficiently guaranteed, and ecological agriculture should be vigorously developed.