Agricultural moderate scale management is the only way to realize the modernization of agriculture in China. It has great practical significance to construct an analysis frame of agricultural moderate scale realization mechanism in theory. Based on the analysis paradigm of political economy of Marxism, this paper gives the theoretical basis of the analysis framework from the four aspects of external environment analysis, subjective behavior evolution, institutional change and structural adjustment, and performance evaluation to compose EBSP analytic framework for moderate agricultural scale management. Based on this, the analysis of the environment includes the analysis of the natural environment, the socio-economic environment and the institutional environment. The behavioral analysis considers the behavior choice and evolution of the government, farmers and agricultural professional managers. The structural analysis mainly studies the cultivation of the new management subjects and professional farmers as well as the degree of organization of agriculture and the level of social service, which is also the core of this analytical framework. Performance evaluation is mainly carried out from the three perspectives of "farmers, agriculture and rural areas", with income indicators as the mainstay and efficiency indicators as auxiliary. Finally, the paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to promote the realization of moderate scale management of agriculture in China by deepening institutional reform, by standardizing subjective behavior, by optimizing inside structure and by perfecting incentive mechanism.