By using the "action" of revitalizing border areas and enriching border people implementation limited to natural experiment provided by the border counties, by taking Guangxi and Yunnan as samples, this paper uses a difference in difference (DID) model to evaluate its economic performance. The analysis shows that on the whole, the “action” on the border countries plays a significantly positive role in promoting the per capita GDP growth in border counties, is helpful to promote the proportion of the primary industry, but is unhelpful to boost the tertiary industry proportion and does not have significant impact on the secondary industry. From the perspective of dynamic effect, the promotion effect of the “action” on the economic development of border counties changes from negative to positive and gradually increases, its impact on the primary industry proportion consistently decreases, its impact on secondary industry proportion trends to be consistently increasing and its impact on the tertiary industry proportion is consistently negative. The economic structure of the borer areas of China stays at lower stage and its economic development is relatively backward, the “action” implementation really promotes the income of border people, boosts upgrading industrial structure in border areas, and should be consolidated.