In traditional rural society, a typical characteristic is courtyard breeding which possesses many advantages such as increasing household income and consumption, making full use of courtyard land, working time, household labor and other local agricultural resources. However, along with the specialization and modernization of agriculture, the development of traditional courtyard breeding has become weaken gradually. In this paper, the analysis of the survey data shows that those who keep traditional rural lifestyle and who have lower time value among the peasants maintain more interesting in retaining courtyard breeding, that the more westward, the higher the probability for courtyard breeding is, and that the better the infrastructure condition is, the lower the probability for courtyard breeding is. Meanwhile, some social and humanistic factors also affect the courtyard breeding behavior of the peasants, in some less-developed areas where the courtyard breeding still has important value, the enthusiasm and convenience of the peasant households to engage in courtyard breeding can be raised by improving social capital, boosting infrastructure condition and so on.