The cost of the overall household registration reform has always been a focus of the society. A literature review on household registration reform reveals that during the whole process of farmers’ urbanization as well as citizenization of rural migrants and transferring agricultural population, the cost of household registration reform is increasing gradually with the shifts of interests game between rural and urban areas. The cost constitution of household registration reform is characterized by its complicated classifications and various forms. The measurement of cost differs in its criteria, methods and quantities. The sharing of the cost involves all interest parties such as the government, businesses and individuals. Although the central government is mainly responsible for the increased cost of public service, the proportions borne by the local governments vary from place to place because of their different economic levels. Better policies should also be considered for the sake of all interest parties in heading up overall household registration reform.