The analysis and calculation based on the sixth census data show that the ratio of labor forces is lower， that working participation rate is declining in recent ten years，that the status quo of Chongqing’s labor resources is that the age of working labor forces is older and that cultural quality is lower. The prediction analysis reveals that it is difficult to change the trends of the decline of labor scale，that the relationship between supply and demand of labor forces will change from supply over demand to supply less than demand，thus，Chongqing should in time adjust rural labor transfer policy，accelerate industrial upgrading and adjustment，accelerate the progress of agricultural modernization，establish multi-level and multi-form overall education system in urban and rural areas，and adjust population policy timely，meanwhile，in the factors affecting China’s regional population scale，the influence of total birthrate becomes smaller and smaller，but the influence of migration and floating becomes bigger and bigger，thus，each region should make attractive population policy so that advanced position can be taken in the struggle for labor forces in the future.