With the introduction of migrant workers policy files at the national level，the system channel for migrant workers to participate in the urban social security has been basically formed，however，there are many real obstacles in the operation for the participation such as heavy burden for social security payment， difficulty in maintaining social security right，unable to meet the demand of housing guarantee，unable to receive the management and service，unable to completely know the policies and so on， especially short of social security funds in the operation and design of urban social security system，overall low social security level，ignoring the interests of the migrant workers in some real systems and methods，unreasonable housing resources allocation，and lagging reform of household register system and land system，which make the interests of the migrant workers difficult to be ensured and which seriously restrict the realization of the sharing of urban social security by the migrant workers. China should let the migrant workers enjoy urban social security to solve the problems in social security of the migrant workers by lowering the standard for the migrant workers to participate in social security，by perfecting and adjusting the policies，and by innovating management methods under current system framework according to the characteristics and demand of the migrant workers group. Presently，the policy system for the migrant workers to participate in urban social security should be improved and perfected by reducing social security fee burden，by perfecting continuous social security enjoyment policy，by implementing overall management at provincial level，by strengthening housing guarantee，and by accelerating the reform of household register system and land system.