In the context of Central China Rising and Urban Development along the Yangtze River in Anhui，the industrial development becomes the chief motion in Anhui economic growth，but high energy consumption and carbon emission has become an indisputable fact in Anhui economic growth. This paper selects Anhui economic data from 1990 to 2011，calculates the total carbon emission，dynamically analyzes the relationship between economic growth and carbon emission based on the perspective of decoupling theory. It reveals that there exists a three-stage dynamic trend of coupling and that there is a re-coupling possibility between Anhui economic growth and carbon emission. Therefore，Anhui should adjust industrial structure，carefully deal with industrial transfer，exploit clean energy，increase investment in environment protection and strengthen forest carbon sinking.