Industrialization, marketization and globalization are the three most important historical backgrounds of urban and rural gap in China. The reform of marketization conversed the industrialization mode of planned and leapfrogging-style to spontaneous and incremental mode and was generally successful. This progress was promoted as China took part in the globalization. But there is still a shortcoming caused by industrialization because of the marketization lag related to agricultural field, stabilized urbanization lag of rural labor and rural population. With the elimination of the urban limitation to rural migrant workers, with the elimination of agricultural tax, and with the acceleration of urban and rural social security integration, the impact of household register system has been less and less and rural land system is the key to deepening marketization reform related to agricultural field. Because of imbalance of regional development in the process of marketization and globalization, central and western regions of China are important and difficult regions in China’s marketization reform related to agricultural field.