The water energy resources and mineral resources in the areas at the upper reaches of Yangtze River are very rich, there is huge economic development potential, however, for a long time, because of inconvenient transportation, there is relatively low efficiency in resources development and utilization, economic and social development is relatively backward, meanwhile, because of the areas where the ecology is vulnerable and in which human activities constantly increase, their ecological environment faces seriously ordeal there. Thus, according to the request of National Subjective Function Zone Plan and Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone Plan, the acceleration of the economic and social development at the areas which have the conditions in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is of important significance whether to boosting the coordinative development of the all reaches of the Yangtze River and the regions or to advancing the harmonious development between human beings and nature. Based on the whole regional development pattern, Yangtze Upriver Economic Zone is the extension of Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone, however, Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone is the support for Yangtze Upriver Economic Zone, and the main direction of regional cooperation of Yangtze Upriver Economic Zone is southwest area and Southeast Asia.