Considering that the current estimations do not supply sufficient information about China's industrial carbon emissions, this paper employs the reference approach of IPCC for carbon emission testing method and creates a panel data set of carbon dioxide emissions to estimate total amount of carbon emission of China’s industrial energy, regional industrial energy carbon emission and industrial segmented industrial energy carbon emission during 1998—2010 based on the consumption data of industrial energy in 30 provinces and municipalities and 36 two-digit segmented industrial industries. The results show that industrial energy carbon emission amounts to approximate 70 percent of China’s energy carbon emission, which are concentrated in eastern costal region especially in around Bohai region and in the heavy and chemical industries such as energy extraction, processing, metal smelting, equipment manufacturing and chemical products. Thus, industrial energy conservation and emission reduction should consider industrial difference, regional difference and regionally comparative advantage and industrial low carbon transition strategy should be worked out and implemented based on industrial and regional difference to boost industrial structure optimization and upgrading and industrial development mode transformation.