In Human Development Report 2010 (HDR2010) of Development Programme of the United Nations, the measurement methodologies for Human Development Indicators (HDI) are substantively improved. The choosing of indicators, selection of threshold value and the change of algorithm are three basic paths for the evolution of Human Development Indicators, which is not only based on methodology theory but also complies with the renewing of human development ideas. Based on provincial panel data of China, and by comparing with hybrid HDI, non-income HDI and old HDI, the results indicate that the improvement of HDI reaches the expected goal, that the neglect of any one dimension of human development will be punished, that human development level between regions of China is largely unbalanced, that the era of plan economy reserves virtuous basis in the perspective of health and knowledge, however, after reform and opening to outside world, GDP growth rate becomes the most important factor to determine regional human development level. HDI measurement methodologies and experience analysis can be further expanded and deepened, e.g. the factors of governance, environment and so on are imbedded into HDI, the inequality factors of each dimension are considered, other methods are integrated into the measurement methodologies and experience analysis, and the balance and choice between precision and flexibility should be conducted, etc.