Since the early 1990s, the pressure of the increase of China’s population is gradually reduced while the pressure of the flowing of China’s population is gradually increased and gradually replaces the pressure of the increase of population and becomes the main contradiction of China’s population development. Currently, rural population flowing produces obvious pressure on family planning, social stability, urban development and rural development. The optimization of rural flowing population management and family planning is the basis to reduce population flowing pressure. China should stick to the human-based principle, take integrated urban and rural population development and family planning management and service mode as the objective, innovate management mode and policy mechanism and enhance the management of rural flowing population based on reproductive lives.