The public health belongs to exact public para-product with stronger positive external effect and with typical nonexclusion and should be mainly provided by governments. In China, public health is maiuly provided by local governments, however, because there are many problems in current financial system of China, the unfair public health expenditure between different areas and between urban and rural areas exists. According to the problems in current local public health expenditure, this paper holds that the corresponding public health expenditure system should be constructed under public finance, which is of great significance to improving the imbalance situation of public health expenditure at different places, to promoting economic development, to improving healthy level of the masses and to constructing socialism harmonious society.