Economic growth and energy consumption have been a concerned point of present society, electricity consumption is the main embodiment. Econometric model with structural variables is used to study the relationship between electric power consumption and economic growth of China, and the influence of economic structural change before and after the implementation of reform and open policy on electric power consumption is analyzed. The results show that the long--term, balanced and stable relation between electric power consumption and economic growth exists and that industrial structure adjustment has active influence on promoting electric use efficiency and saving electric power. With the developing of economy and further industrial structure adjustment, the electric power use efficiency will be obviously promoted.