Dualistic economic structure is the basic barrier to hamper modernization of China economy and realization of change from dualistic economic structure to modern economic structure is the strategic task of China economy development in new era. Special two layer inflexible dualistic economic structure of China forms such dualistic structure as industrialization, employment structure of rural and urban labor market, rural and urban market system and regional economy. We should accelerate reconstruction of traditional agriculture, promote industrialization process of agriculture, coordinate the relationship between industrialization and urbanization, promote co-development of urbanization and industrialization, give free rein to market mechanism and promote co-development of rural and urban areas.