At different development period of human society, the relationship between human being and nature is different. Destructive outcome which appeared at early period of industrialization causes people to pay attention to ecology and environment. In 1972, the book of Limit of Growth triggered off international dispute which made people realize that capacity of ecology is limited and amount of resources is limited. From a long-term point of view, new energy and resources are continuously discovered because of scientific and technological progress, but at every special period energy and resources crisis makes people face challenge. Change of old economic growth mode and exploration of new economic growth mode are core content of sustainable development.