In the process of agricultural land system evolution in 70 years of new China, the model of farmers’ main body position experienced initial model, joint business model, collective centralization and business integration model, rural household contracted land system model, new-style agricultural business model and so on. History proves that the virtuous evolution of the agricultural land system must uphold the farmers’ main body position, the unification of the leadership of the Party and the nation and peasants’ autonomy, and respecting peasants’ will and unleashing peasants’ dynamic role and creation capacity, and must stick to land collective ownership system and guaranteeing the land rights and interests of the peasants and peasants’ income growth. The agricultural land system reform at new era should persist in collective ownership of rural land, further unleash the peasants’ dynamic role and creation capacity, explore more inclusive agricultural land system, satisfy the appeal of land rights and interests of different peasants’ main bodies, bring the main body role of agricultural household family business into play, boost peasants’ income growth and joint richness, intensify the leadership of the Party, and realize the organic unification between the leadership of the Party and peasants’ main body role.