The public rental housing in China has the problems in single investment subject, big financial pressure, not enough market participation, low efficient allocation, the imbalance and mismatch of supply and demand, the enlarging of the rich and the poor zones and so on and should be perfected by the promotion of structural reform at supply-side. The housing welfare policy evolution in developed countries demonstrates that housing policy should fit for the situation between supply and demand, that the role of governments must change from the direct supplier of public apartments to environment-maker of market-oriented supply, i.e., from brick subsidy to human subsidy, which is inevitable for housing policy evolution. The structural reform at supply side in the field of China’s public rental houses should match the situation of supply and demand of the housing market, on the one hand, governmental duty must be transformed from definite thing allocation gradually to market-oriented supply, on the other hand, the governments should build healthy residential renting investment market to boost the marketability of public rental housing supply, and should promote implicit mixed dwelling districts by using development matched construction, monetary subsidy and so on.