In the process of the implementation of poverty alleviation of China, poverty alleviation development aiming mechanism gradually sets up. According to the survey on the present situation, problems and effect of poverty alleviation, there are problems such as the lack of necessary coordination and integration, low accuracy of aiming object, the focus on short-term benefit of aiming projects and unsmooth implementation environment of aiming system in the poverty alleviation aiming mechanism. Facing the new situation and the new challenge for poverty alleviation, the aiming mechanism must be consummated and innovated. We must innovate the poverty relief resources transmission mechanism in aiming subject, innovate the dynamic aiming mechanism in aiming object, and innovate the long-term mechanism in aiming project so as to realize the shift of aiming idea from development-style poverty alleviation to protection-style poverty alleviation.