| 摘要: |
| 试点是推动高质量发展的有效手段，不同试点叠加会产生政策协同作用。低碳城市试点和智慧城市试点通过互促互补机制共同促进城市绿色全要素生产率提升，能够产生比单试点更强的政策效应。利用2003—2022年我国284个城市的数据，通过多时点双重差分模型分析发现：低碳城市与智慧城市双试点显著提升了试点城市的绿色全要素生产率，且双试点的提升作用显著强于单试点；两个试点同时实施的政策效应最强，先低碳城市试点后智慧城市试点的政策效应次之，先智慧城市试点后低碳城市试点的政策效应最弱；双试点能够通过降低能源消耗强度、推动数字经济发展、促进产业结构升级3条路径提升城市绿色全要素生产率；试点前的城市环境基础与双试点的绿色全要素生产率提升效应存在倒U型关系，双试点对绿色全要素生产率的提升作用随着城市创业活跃度的提高和试点实施时长的增加而增强。因此，应重视并充分发挥不同试点组合的政策效应，并从政策效应的传导渠道入手优化试点政策、提升试点效果。 |
| 关键词: 绿色全要素生产率 低碳城市试点 智慧城市试点 双试点 政策协同 |
| DOI： |
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| Research on the Enhancement of Green Total Factor Productivity through Dual Pilots of Low-carbon City and Smart City |
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HE Xiong-lang, LI Nan-xin
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School of Economics, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, Sichuan, China
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| Abstract: |
| Green Total Factor Productivity (GTFP) is a crucial indicator for measuring the quality and sustainability of economic growth. Its enhancement relies not only on technological progress and improved resource allocation efficiency, but also requires synergistic support from policy systems. China has implemented a series of pilot policies aimed at improving urban GTFP. However, a single pilot policy often fails to fully achieve the desired outcomes, whereas the coordinated implementation of multiple pilot policies can more systematically promote urban GTFP growth. This study focuses on the perspective of the dual-pilot policy of low-carbon city and smart city. Theoretically, it constructs an analytical framework for how dual-pilot policy affects GTFP. Empirically, based on panel data of 284 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2022, it employs a super-efficiency SBM model incorporating undesirable outputs to measure urban GTFP and systematically demonstrates the specific effects of dual-pilot policy on GTFP enhancement using a multi-period difference-in-differences model. The main findings are as follows: (1) The dual-pilot policy effectively improves urban GTFP; (2) The GTFP enhancement effect of dual-pilot policy exceed that of individual low-carbon city or smart city pilot policy, with cities transitioning from single to dual-pilot status showing significant GTFP improvement, particularly when both policies are implemented simultaneously; (3) The dual-pilot policy fails to significantly boost GTFP in samples with superior environmental baselines, low entrepreneurial activity, or short policy implementation periods, whereas it demonstrates the strongest GTFP promotion effects in cities with moderate environmental baselines, highest entrepreneurial vitality, and longest policy implementation; (4) The dual-pilot policy positively influences urban GTFP primarily by reducing energy consumption per unit GDP, accelerating urban digital transformation, and facilitating industrial upgrading. The marginal contributions of this study are threefold: First, it systematically investigates whether the coordinated implementation of dual-pilot policy—“low-carbon city pilot” and “smart city pilot”—effectively enhances urban GTFP, thereby enriching the theoretical literature in this field. Second, it constructs a framework to systematically demonstrate the synergistic and complementary mechanisms through which dual-pilot policy promotes urban GTFP, unveiling the “black box” of intrinsic interactions among multiple policies. Third, it explores heterogeneous patterns in the effects of dual-pilot policy, revealing that policy effectiveness is significantly correlated with urban ecological environmental baselines, entrepreneurial activity levels, and policy implementation durations, while also evaluating three potential indirect effects: energy consumption reduction, digital transformation acceleration, and industrial structure upgrading. The conclusions of this study provide theoretical and practical insights for China’s exploration of green development pathways, the improvement of urban GTFP, the consolidation of early achievements from low-carbon city and smart city pilot policies, and the full realization of the potential synergies from the coordinated use of multiple policy instruments. |
| Key words: GTFP low-carbon city pilot smart city pilot dual-pilot policy synergy |
