| 摘要: |
| 由于外贸政策、贸易结构的国别差异和变化，加上不同的制度影响国际贸易的方向和程度不同，进口国制度质量对出口国出口贸易效率的影响具有不确定性。构建随机前沿引力模型和非效率模型，采用“一步法”测算2000—2014年中国对34个样本经济体的增加值出口贸易效率和潜力，分析发现：中国出口贸易效率呈现倒“U”型趋势，当前处于低位，出口增长空间巨大，且国别和地区差异明显。进一步的检验结果表明：样本经济体制度质量对中国出口贸易效率的影响具有制度异质性和地域异质性，进口经济体的市场化水平、贸易开放度与中国出口贸易效率显著正相关，而政治环境、投资自由度则表现出负相关性，且在不同的子样本中存在差异。因此，中国应积极推进经济全球化，扩大对外开放，优化出口产品结构和出口空间格局，以有效提高出口贸易效率。 |
| 关键词: 制度质量 出口贸易效率 出口贸易潜力 增加值贸易 贸易摩擦 一步法 |
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| Heterogeneity of the Influence of System Quality of Importing Country（Region）on Efficiency of Export Trade: Theoretical Mechanism and China’s Experience |
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赵素萍，葛明1,2
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1.School of International Business, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China;2. School of Economics and Management, Southwest University ,Chongqing 400715, China
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| Abstract: |
| Because of the difference and change of foreign trade policies and trade structure in different countries, because different systems affect the direction and the extent of international trade, the influence of system quality of import countries on the export trade efficiency of export countries has uncertainty. By using stochastic frontier gravity model, non-efficiency model and “one step method” to calculate the efficiency and potential of the value-added export trade of China to 34 sample economic entities during 2000-2014, the analysis finds that China's value added export efficiency shows inverted "U" type and presently stays at low level, the export growth space is huge, but the difference between different countries（regions） is obvious. Further test results show that the impact of the system quality of the sample economic entities on China export efficiency has systematic heterogeneity and regional heterogeneity, the market-oriented level and trade openness extent of the import countries（regions） are significantly positively correlated with China’s export trade efficiency while political environment and investment freedom are negatively correlated and have difference in different subsamples. Thus, China should actively boost economic globalization, enlarge foreign openness, and optimize export product structure and export space pattern to effectively promote export trade efficiency. |
| Key words: system quality export trade efficiency export trade potential value-added trade trade friction one step method |
