Based on the import trade data of China from 1992 to 2016 in UN Comtrade database，this paper examines the survival status of Chinese import trade relationship from the level of holistic, import product feature (technical complexity and factor endowment) and import source countries feature (income level and regional distribution) respectively through survival analysis method. Results show that the duration of Chinese import trade relationship was generally short, with obviously dynamic changes, and that the survival rate was negatively correlated with the trade duration and had "threshold effect ". The survival rate of import trade relationship with low-tech products, medium-tech products and hi-tech products is higher and has longer duration while the quantity, duration and survival rate of the import trade relationship with labor-intensive products and tech-intensive products are significantly higher than that of resources-intensive products, and all of the quantity, duration and survival rate of the import trade relationship is positively correlated with the income level of import source countries. The import trade relationship of the countries and regions with predominant geographic location and higher economic development level is stable and has longer duration, and stable environment and perfected trade mechanism are conducive to good trade relationship. China’s ability to control trade risk and economy is intensifying. China should further optimize regional distribution and product structure of Chinese import trade relationship and decrease the import dependence degree on hi-tech products and some countries.