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| 政策认同、非农化能力与农户“两地”退出意愿——兼析土地功能分异的影响及退地方式的认同序列 |
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朱要龙
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云南大学 发展研究院，昆明 650091
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| 摘要: |
| 新型城镇化进程中，土地退出是农民农村退出的关键。对云南省9个县（区）调研资料的分析表明：农户的政策认同会显著增强其退地意愿；非农化能力对农户退地意愿具有门槛效应，非农化能力处于中间水平时与退地意愿显著正相关，但较低或较高时对退地意愿无显著影响；承包地与宅基地的功能分异使农户“两地”退出意愿存在差异，宅基地退出意愿弱于承包地退出意愿；农户更愿意选择低风险和收益稳定持续的退地方式，承包地退出偏好“货币化补偿”方式，而宅基地退出偏好“实物置换”方式。应强化政策宣传，提高农户的政策认同度；要警惕非农化边界效应陷阱，厘清农村土地制度改革与新型城镇化的关系；要构建和完善一种分期、稳定、持续的退地补偿机制，并基于承包地与宅基地的功能分异因“地”施政。 |
| 关键词: 承包地 宅基地 政策认同 非农化能力 土地功能分异 农村土地退出 退地方式 “三权分置”改革 新型城镇化 |
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| Policy Recognition, Non-Agricultural Differentiation and Farmers′ Willingness to Withdraw from Land: Based on a Research Evidence of 9 Counties in Yunnan |
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ZHU Yao-long
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Development Research Institute, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
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| Abstract: |
| In the process of new style urbanization, land quitting is the key to farmers quitting and rural village quitting. The analysis of survey materials of 9 counties of Yunnan Province indicates that policy recognition increases farmers' willingness to withdraw from the land, that non-agricultural capacity has the threshold effect on farmers’ willingness to withdraw from the land, that the functional differentiation effect of contracted land and homestead makes farmers’ withdrawing from the land have difference, that the willingness to withdraw from homestead is weaker than that of the contracted land, that farmer households prefer to choose the withdrawing way with low risk and with stable gain, and that the withdrawing from the contracted land prefers monetary compensation method while the withdrawing from homestead prefers material exchange method. We should strengthen policy publicity to increase farmers' policy recognition, must be vigilant to the trap of non-agricultural border effects and deepen the understanding of the relationship between rural land system reform and urbanization, construct a type of land withdrawing way with step by step, stability and sustainability and take actions that suit the functions of the contracted land and homestead respectively. |
| Key words: contracted land homestead policy recognition non-agricultural differentiation rural land withdrawing land functional differentiation land withdrawing method three-power separation reform new style urbanization |
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