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| 能否依赖农业发展缩小城乡差距？——基于国际比较和DEA效率分析 |
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陈纪平1
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重庆工商大学 产业经济研究院
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| 摘要: |
| 过高的劳动力/土地比例造成我国农业生产中高土地贡献率、低劳动力贡献率并存的均衡状态。城乡分割的劳动力市场阻碍了农业劳动力的非农化转移，形成较大的城乡收入差距。对国际农业生产的非参数DEA分析表明，我国农业处于效率边界之上，因此通过提高农业生产率的方式提高农村人口收入的空间不大，难以有效缩小城乡收入差距。建立城乡统一的劳动力市场，减少农业劳动力数量，是提高农村居民收入的根本出路。 |
| 关键词: 劳动力转移 农业生产率 土地贡献率 劳动力贡献率 DEA效率 城乡收入差距 劳动力市场 |
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| Can Agricultural Development Lessen Rural-urban Gap?—Analysis Based on International Comparison and DEA Efficiency |
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CHEN Ji-ping
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| Abstract: |
| The very high rate of labor to land results in the equilibrium state that the contribution proportion of land is high in China and that contribution rate of labor force is low. Since the separation between rural and urban labor markets blocks the non-agricultural transfer of agricultural labor force, a big income gap exists between agriculture and non-agriculture population. Non-parameter Datum-Envelopment-Analysis(DEA) on international agricultural production indicates that China’s agriculture is just on the efficient frontier facets, so there is small space for China to increase income of agriculture population by enhancing efficiency of agricultural production and it is difficult to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas. The necessary and available way for increasing the income of rural residents is to set up a unified rural-urban labor market and decrease the number of agricultural labor. |
| Key words: transfer of labor force agricultural productivity contribution rate of land contribution rate of labor force DEA efficiency income gap between urban and rural areas labor market |
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