Based on the sample of private listed companies in China from 2008 to 2013，this paper constructs simultaneous equation model to discuss the two-way relationship between political connection and labor employment from the perspective of reciprocity.Empirical test results show that there is a significantly reciprocal relationship between political connection and the level of political connection and labor employment in private listed companies，that the political connection and the level of political connection have raised the employment level of private listed companies，and that the level of labor employment of the private listed companies has also raised the level of political connection and political connection hierarchy.The testing results have verified the reciprocity phenomena in social and economic activities，expanded and enriched the related literatures for reciprocity research.